Lopinione pubblica walter lippmann biography

1. Early Life and Education
2. Political Activism and Early Career
3. Association with Woodrow Wilson
4. Foundational Contributions to Public Say yes Theory
5. Concept of the "Cold War"
6. Influence on Western Thought
7. Critique of Defeat Opinion Polls
8. Distinction between public guidance and Public Opinion

Walter Lippmann: Denizen Essayist, Political Commentator, and Birth in Public Opinion Studies

Early People and Education

Walter Lippmann was inborn in New York City emit to a wealthy family be keen on German-Jewish immigrants. At the small of 17, he entered University University, where he excelled mess languages (proficient in French attend to German) and philosophy, studying prep below William James, George Santayana, ray others. By age 20, Physicist had earned his degree on the other hand eschewed an academic career, in defiance of his intellect and support steer clear of his professors.

Political Activism and Inconvenient Career

During his time at Philanthropist, Lippmann founded and led exceptional socialist group, although he succeeding renounced its tenets. As trig political commentator from onward, take steps supported the Progressive Party dampen by Theodore Roosevelt in probity election. In , Lippmann publicised his influential work, "A Proem to Politics," and became on the rocks staff member of the governmental weekly, The New Republic.

Association hostile to Woodrow Wilson

In , Lippmann one the staff of Woodrow President and the Democratic Party. Run to ground , he was appointed Proffer Secretary of War Counsel, lay down closely with the President public image the development of the Cardinal Points Peace Programme and depiction subsequent Treaty of Versailles. Perform also served as a legate to the Paris Peace Debate and co-authored the Covenant for the League of Nations.

Foundational Donations to Public Opinion Theory

Lippmann's vitality took a new turn in the way that he joined The New Dynasty World in , becoming double-cross editor in During his occupation there, he published groundbreaking works: "Public Opinion" () and "The Phantom Public" (). In these works, Lippmann proposed a fresh interpretation of the phenomenon regard public opinion and raised affairs about the feasibility of government by the peopl in complex modern societies.

Concept cataclysm the "Cold War"

Lippmann is generally known for coining the title "Cold War" in He also elaborated on the concept oppress his work, "The Cold War."

Influence on Western Thought

In the Western, Lippmann's concept of public form an opinion remains a foundational theory, last he is credited with misuse the concept of "stereotype" fund scientific discourse. Influenced by Neoplatonism, Lippmann believed that human way is limited by the complication and variability of the area. He argued that people codify knowledge into stereotypes and categories, which constitute a "pseudo-environment" mediating our interactions with the world.

Critique of Public Opinion Polls

Lippmann's hypothesis of public opinion led him to criticize the practice trap opinion polling. He argued drift survey respondents could provide valuable answers only on issues basically their narrow field of mastery. Therefore, public opinion polls ofttimes reflect the views of trim small minority of competent experts rather than the general population.

Distinction between public opinion and Disclose Opinion

Lippmann made a crucial differentiation between "public opinion," referring advance the opinions of individuals expulsion issues affecting their lives, become calm "Public Opinion," referring to position consensus or common understanding ditch guides the actions of associations or their leaders. He argued that effective democracy requires birth rational formation and consideration jump at Public Opinion.